Perfumery & aromatics / 13th century / Kingdom A&S 2023

Basil and Cucumber Water

A 13th-century Syrian steam-bath scent made from basil, cucumber, and rose water.

Process documentation page for Basil and Cucumber Water
Primary and secondary distillation runs documented in the project packet.

Source

Scents and Flavors: A Syrian Cookbook, edited and translated by Charles Perry, recipe 10.30.

Question

What does a recipe promising the smell of cucumber and basil out of season actually produce?

Materials

  • Fresh basil
  • Thin-skinned cucumbers
  • Damask rose water
  • Distilled water

Method

  • Grew basil and cucumbers, then supplemented with store-bought material when the garden did not produce enough.
  • Washed and prepared basil leaves, chopped cucumbers, and sprayed the basil with rose water.
  • Distilled the mixture in a modern pot still with a thumper setup.
  • Collected a primary run for 30 minutes after boiling and a weaker secondary run afterward.

Observations

  • The primary run had the strongest aromatic character.
  • The secondary run was much weaker, which suggests repeat distillation may matter if a stronger scent is desired.
  • The result leaned more cucumber-forward than expected.

Result

  • The primary distillate was pleasant, fresh, and a bit too cucumber-forward.
  • The secondary run was weaker but still useful information rather than a failure.

Uncertainty

  • The source gives limited procedural detail.
  • A modern still stands in for a period copper al-anbiq.
  • Leaf processing and rose-water quantity may change the result.

References

  • Perry, Charles, ed. and trans. Scents and Flavors: A Syrian Cookbook.

Next

  • Repeat with a copper alembic and better plant processing.

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